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Plan de estudios de 9.º grado
Un año escolar completo de 180 días en 4 cursos: Lengua y literatura 9, Álgebra 1, Biología y Historia universal. Abajo encontrarás cada unidad y cada lección. La Unidad 1 de cada curso es gratis, y KidUniversity Plus desbloquea el resto para toda tu familia.
- 4 cursos
- 88 unidades
- 632 lecciones
- 88 pruebas de unidad
- Kínder
- 1.º grado
- 2.º grado
- 3.º grado
- 4.º grado
- 5.º grado
- 6.º grado
- 7.º grado
- 8.º grado
- 9.º grado
- 10.º grado
- 11.º grado
- 12.º grado
- Preparación para exámenes
Los títulos de las unidades y lecciones aparecen aquí en inglés. Las lecciones están disponibles en español dentro de la app: toca 🌐 para cambiar de idioma cuando quieras.
De 9.º a 12.º grado también incluye preparación para el SAT® y el ACT®.
Lengua y literatura 9
23 unidades · 157 lecciones · 23 pruebas de unidad · 180 días de clase
Unidad 1GRATISReading Closely: Evidence and Inference
How do careful readers prove what a text says and suggests?
- Making Inferences From Details
- Explicit and Implicit Meaning
- Choosing the Strongest Evidence
- Quoting and Paraphrasing Evidence
- Inferring Setting and Mood
- Drawing Conclusions Across a Passage
- Close Reading Informational Text
- Unit 1 Test: Reading Closely: Evidence and Inference
Unidad 2The Short Story: Plot and Structure
How do authors arrange events to create tension and surprise?
- The Elements of Plot
- Types of Conflict
- Foreshadowing
- Flashback and Nonlinear Order
- Pacing and Suspense
- Irony and Surprise Endings
- Openings That Hook the Reader
- Mapping a Complete Story
- Unit 2 Test: The Short Story: Plot and Structure
Unidad 3The Short Story: Characterization
How do authors make characters feel real, complicated and alive?
- Direct and Indirect Characterization
- Character Motivation
- Round, Flat, Static and Dynamic Characters
- Foils and Character Relationships
- Character Change: "The Story of an Hour"
- Characterization Through Dialogue
- How Characters Develop Theme
- Unit 3 Test: The Short Story: Characterization
Unidad 4Point of View and Narration
How does who tells a story change what the story means?
- First-Person Narration
- Third-Person Limited and Omniscient
- Second Person and Multiple Narrators
- Unreliable Narrators
- Perspective and Cultural Experience
- How Point of View Shapes Meaning
- Unit 4 Test: Point of View and Narration
Unidad 5Theme and Objective Summary
How do stories carry messages about life, and how do we summarize them fairly?
- Topic vs. Theme
- Finding Theme Through Conflict and Change
- Symbols and Motifs
- Theme in "To Build a Fire"
- Writing an Objective Summary
- Comparing Themes Across Texts
- How a Theme Develops Over a Text
- Unit 5 Test: Theme and Objective Summary
Unidad 6Vocabulary: Roots and Affixes
How can word parts help us unlock words we have never seen?
- Prefixes
- Suffixes and Parts of Speech
- Latin Roots: Carrying, Breaking, Building
- Greek Roots: Life, Time and Sound
- Latin Roots: Belief, Truth and Voice
- Word Families in Academic Writing
- Using Reference Tools
- Unit 6 Test: Vocabulary: Roots and Affixes
Unidad 7Poetry: Figurative Language
How do poets use comparison and imagery to say more than literal words can?
- Simile and Metaphor
- Extended Metaphor
- Personification
- Imagery
- Hyperbole, Understatement and Paradox
- Symbolism in "The Road Not Taken"
- Tone and Word Choice
- Unit 7 Test: Poetry: Figurative Language
Unidad 8Poetry: Sound and Form
How do the sound and shape of a poem help create its meaning?
- Rhyme and Rhyme Scheme
- Alliteration, Assonance and Consonance
- Onomatopoeia and Repetition
- Rhythm and Meter
- The Sonnet
- Free Verse
- Poetic Forms and Stanzas
- Unit 8 Test: Poetry: Sound and Form
Unidad 9Grammar: Phrases
How do phrases add detail, variety and precision to sentences?
- Phrases vs. Clauses
- Prepositional Phrases
- Appositive Phrases
- Participial Phrases and Dangling Modifiers
- Gerund and Infinitive Phrases
- Absolute Phrases
- Unit 9 Test: Grammar: Phrases
Unidad 10Grammar: Clauses and Sentence Types
How do clauses combine to build clear, varied sentences?
- Independent and Dependent Clauses
- Adjective Clauses
- Adverb Clauses
- Noun Clauses
- Four Sentence Structures
- Fragments, Run-ons and Comma Splices
- Sentence Combining and Variety
- Unit 10 Test: Grammar: Clauses and Sentence Types
Unidad 11Drama: Reading Romeo and Juliet
How does a play tell a story through dialogue, action and performance?
- The Elements of Drama
- The Prologue
- Reading Shakespeare's Language
- Act 1: The Feud in the Streets
- Light and Dark Imagery
- Soliloquy, Monologue and Aside
- Friar Laurence and the Foil
- The Turning Point: Act 3, Scene 1
- Unit 11 Test: Drama: Reading Romeo and Juliet
Unidad 12Drama: Tragedy and Dramatic Choices
Who or what is to blame when a tragedy unfolds?
- Tragedy and the Tragic Hero
- Fate vs. Free Will
- Dramatic Irony in Acts 4 and 5
- Time and Haste
- Comic Relief and the Nurse
- Page, Stage and Screen
- Theme in Romeo and Juliet
- Unit 12 Test: Drama: Tragedy and Dramatic Choices
Unidad 13The Epic: The Odyssey
What makes a hero, and what does the journey home teach?
- What Is an Epic?
- Epithets and Epic Similes
- The Cyclops: Cunning and Pride
- Temptation: The Lotus-Eaters and the Sirens
- Scylla and Charybdis: The Leader's Choice
- Homecoming: Disguise and Loyalty
- The Test of the Bow
- The Hero's Journey Then and Now
- Unit 13 Test: The Epic: The Odyssey
Unidad 14Myth and Its Echoes
Why do ancient myths still shape the stories and words we use today?
- What Myths Do: Prometheus
- Persephone and the Seasons
- Daedalus and Icarus
- Myths Across Cultures
- Allusions to Myth in Everyday Language
- Modern Retellings of Myth
- Unit 14 Test: Myth and Its Echoes
Unidad 15Vocabulary: Context and Connotation
How do context and connotation shape what words really mean?
- Context Clues
- Context Clues in Literature
- Denotation and Connotation
- Shades of Meaning
- Figurative Meaning and Idioms
- Multiple-Meaning and Academic Words
- Unit 15 Test: Vocabulary: Context and Connotation
Unidad 16Informational Texts: Central Ideas and Structure
How do nonfiction writers organize and develop their ideas?
- Central Idea and Supporting Details
- How Ideas Develop and Connect
- Text Structures
- How Paragraphs Build an Argument
- Word Choice in Nonfiction
- Reading Data in Informational Texts
- Comparing Accounts in Different Media
- Unit 16 Test: Informational Texts: Central Ideas and Structure
Unidad 17Argument: Claims, Evidence and Reasoning
How can we tell whether an argument deserves to be believed?
- Claims, Reasons and Evidence
- Types of Evidence
- Evaluating Relevance and Sufficiency
- Logical Fallacies, Part 1
- Logical Fallacies, Part 2
- Counterclaims and Rebuttals
- Fact, Opinion and False Statements
- Unit 17 Test: Argument: Claims, Evidence and Reasoning
Unidad 18Rhetoric and Seminal Speeches
How have speakers used language to move people and change history?
- Ethos, Pathos and Logos
- Rhetorical Devices
- Patrick Henry: "Give Me Liberty"
- The Declaration of Independence
- The Gettysburg Address
- Frederick Douglass: "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?"
- Susan B. Anthony and "We, the People"
- Unit 18 Test: Rhetoric and Seminal Speeches
Unidad 19Punctuation: Commas, Semicolons and Colons
How does punctuation guide readers through our ideas?
- Commas in Series and Compound Sentences
- Commas After Introductory Elements
- Commas With Nonessential Elements
- Semicolons
- Colons
- More Comma Rules
- Editing for Punctuation and Spelling
- Unit 19 Test: Punctuation: Commas, Semicolons and Colons
Unidad 20Parallel Structure and Style
How do balanced, concise sentences make writing clearer and stronger?
- Parallel Structure in Lists
- Parallelism With Paired Conjunctions and Comparisons
- Parallelism for Rhetorical Power
- Concise Writing
- Active and Passive Voice
- Formal Style and Consistent Tone
- Unit 20 Test: Parallel Structure and Style
Unidad 21Writing: Thesis Statements and Organizing Arguments
How do writers build an argument that a reader can follow and trust?
- Writing a Strong Thesis
- Thesis Statements for Literary Analysis
- Introductions and Hooks
- Building Body Paragraphs
- Transitions and Cohesion
- Addressing Counterclaims in Your Essay
- Conclusions and Revision
- Unit 21 Test: Writing: Thesis Statements and Organizing Arguments
Unidad 22Writing: Citing and Using Evidence
How do writers use sources honestly and effectively?
- Integrating Quotations
- MLA In-Text Citations
- Works Cited Basics
- Evaluating Sources
- Avoiding Plagiarism
- Research Questions and Gathering Sources
- Using Evidence in Informative Writing
- Unit 22 Test: Writing: Citing and Using Evidence
Unidad 23Year in Review
How do the skills of reading, analysis and writing work together?
- Review: Short Stories and Narration
- Review: Poetry and Drama
- Review: Epic, Myth and Informational Texts
- Review: Argument and Rhetoric
- Review: Grammar, Vocabulary and Writing
- Unit 23 Test: Year in Review
Álgebra 1
22 unidades · 158 lecciones · 22 pruebas de unidad · 180 días de clase
Unidad 1GRATISExpressions and the Real Numbers
How do we write and simplify expressions that describe real situations?
- The Real Number System
- Order of Operations
- Writing Expressions from Words
- Evaluating Expressions
- Properties of Operations
- Combining Like Terms
- The Distributive Property
- Unit 1 Test: Expressions and the Real Numbers
Unidad 2Solving Linear Equations
How can we find the value that makes an equation true?
- One-Step Equations
- Two-Step Equations
- Multi-Step Equations
- Variables on Both Sides
- No Solution or Infinitely Many
- Equations with Fractions and Decimals
- Writing Equations to Solve Problems
- Unit 2 Test: Solving Linear Equations
Unidad 3Formulas, Ratios and Units
How do we rearrange formulas and use units to solve real problems?
- Literal Equations
- Rearranging Formulas
- Ratios and Proportions
- Percents and Percent Change
- Unit Rates and Conversions
- Dimensional Analysis
- Accuracy and Rounding
- Unit 3 Test: Formulas, Ratios and Units
Unidad 4Linear Inequalities and Absolute Value
How do we describe and find all the values that meet a limit?
- Inequalities and Their Graphs
- Solving One-Step Inequalities
- Multiplying or Dividing by a Negative
- Multi-Step Inequalities
- Compound Inequalities
- Absolute Value Equations
- Absolute Value Inequalities
- Unit 4 Test: Linear Inequalities and Absolute Value
Unidad 5Functions
What makes a relationship a function, and how do we read one?
- Relations and Functions
- Function Notation
- Domain and Range
- Graphs of Functions
- Key Features of Graphs
- Increasing, Decreasing and Constant
- Functions in Context
- Unit 5 Test: Functions
Unidad 6Slope and Rate of Change
How do we measure how fast one quantity changes compared with another?
- Rate of Change from Tables
- Slope from Two Points
- Slope from a Graph
- Types of Slope
- Direct Variation
- Slope as a Rate
- Average Rate of Change
- Unit 6 Test: Slope and Rate of Change
Unidad 7Linear Equations and Their Graphs
How can one equation describe every point on a line?
- Slope-Intercept Form
- Graphing Lines
- Point-Slope Form
- Standard Form and Intercepts
- Writing an Equation from Two Points
- Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
- Horizontal and Vertical Lines
- Comparing Linear Functions
- Unit 7 Test: Linear Equations and Their Graphs
Unidad 8Linear Models and Sequences
How can linear functions model patterns and real situations?
- Linear Models in Context
- Interpreting Slope and Intercept
- Sequences as Functions
- Arithmetic Sequences
- Explicit and Recursive Formulas
- Transforming Linear Functions
- Inverse of a Linear Function
- Unit 8 Test: Linear Models and Sequences
Unidad 9Absolute Value and Piecewise Functions
How can a function follow different rules for different inputs?
- The Absolute Value Function
- Translating Absolute Value Graphs
- Stretching and Reflecting
- Piecewise Functions
- Evaluating Piecewise Functions
- Step Functions
- Piecewise Models in Context
- Unit 9 Test: Absolute Value and Piecewise Functions
Unidad 10Systems: Graphing and Substitution
How do we find the values that make two equations true at once?
- What a System Is
- Solving Systems by Graphing
- Number of Solutions
- Solving by Substitution
- Substitution After Rearranging
- Writing Systems from Word Problems
- Break-Even and Comparing Plans
- Unit 10 Test: Systems: Graphing and Substitution
Unidad 11Systems: Elimination and Inequalities
How do we solve systems efficiently and describe regions that meet several limits?
- Elimination by Adding or Subtracting
- Elimination with Multiplying
- Choosing a Method
- Mixture and Value Problems
- Graphing Linear Inequalities
- Systems of Linear Inequalities
- Modeling with Constraints
- Unit 11 Test: Systems: Elimination and Inequalities
Unidad 12Exponent Rules
How do the rules of exponents let us simplify very large and very small numbers?
- Product of Powers
- Quotient of Powers
- Power of a Power and of a Product
- Zero and Negative Exponents
- Scientific Notation
- Rational Exponents
- Simplifying with All the Rules
- Unit 12 Test: Exponent Rules
Unidad 13Exponential Functions
How do quantities grow or shrink by the same percent over and over?
- Linear vs Exponential Patterns
- Exponential Functions and Their Graphs
- Exponential Growth
- Exponential Decay
- Compound Interest
- Geometric Sequences
- Growth Factors and Percent Rates
- Comparing Linear and Exponential Growth
- Unit 13 Test: Exponential Functions
Unidad 14Polynomials
How do we add, subtract and multiply expressions with many terms?
- Polynomial Vocabulary
- Adding and Subtracting Polynomials
- Multiplying a Monomial by a Polynomial
- Multiplying Binomials
- Special Products
- Multiplying Polynomials
- Polynomials in Context
- Unit 14 Test: Polynomials
Unidad 15Factoring
How can we rewrite a polynomial as a product, and why is that useful?
- Greatest Common Factor
- Factoring x² + bx + c
- Factoring with Negative Terms
- Factoring ax² + bx + c
- Difference of Squares
- Perfect Square Trinomials
- Factoring by Grouping
- Factoring Completely
- Unit 15 Test: Factoring
Unidad 16Quadratic Functions and Their Graphs
What does the graph of a quadratic look like, and what do its features tell us?
- Parabolas and Their Features
- Graphing y = ax²
- Vertex Form and Transformations
- Standard Form and the Axis of Symmetry
- Finding the Vertex
- Factored Form and x-Intercepts
- Interpreting Quadratic Graphs
- Unit 16 Test: Quadratic Functions and Their Graphs
Unidad 17Solving Quadratics: Factoring and Square Roots
How do we find where a quadratic equals zero, and what do those solutions mean?
- Solving Quadratics by Graphing
- The Zero Product Property
- Solving by Factoring
- Solving by Square Roots
- Writing Quadratics from Their Roots
- Projectile Problems
- Area Problems
- Unit 17 Test: Solving Quadratics: Factoring and Square Roots
Unidad 18Completing the Square and the Quadratic Formula
How can we solve any quadratic equation, even one that won't factor?
- Making Perfect Squares
- Solving by Completing the Square
- Vertex Form by Completing the Square
- The Quadratic Formula
- The Discriminant
- Choosing a Solving Method
- Quadratic Models in Context
- Unit 18 Test: Completing the Square and the Quadratic Formula
Unidad 19Comparing Models and Nonlinear Systems
How do we choose the right kind of function for a situation, and where do two different functions meet?
- Linear, Quadratic or Exponential?
- First and Second Differences
- Comparing Functions in Different Forms
- Linear-Quadratic Systems
- Solving f(x) = g(x) with Graphs
- Combining Functions
- Choosing a Model
- Unit 19 Test: Comparing Models and Nonlinear Systems
Unidad 20Radicals
How do we simplify and work with square roots and other radicals?
- Square Roots and Cube Roots
- Simplifying Square Roots
- Multiplying Radicals
- Adding and Subtracting Radicals
- Dividing and Rationalizing
- Rational and Irrational Numbers
- Solving Radical Equations
- Unit 20 Test: Radicals
Unidad 21Statistics: One-Variable Data
How do we summarize a data set with a few numbers and a picture?
- Measures of Center
- Range and Interquartile Range
- Box Plots
- Dot Plots and Histograms
- Standard Deviation
- Shape and Outliers
- Comparing Data Sets
- Unit 21 Test: Statistics: One-Variable Data
Unidad 22Statistics: Two-Variable Data
How can we tell whether two variables are related, and use that relationship to make predictions?
- Two-Way Tables
- Relative Frequencies
- Scatter Plots and Association
- Lines of Fit
- Interpreting a Line of Fit
- Residuals
- The Correlation Coefficient
- Correlation and Causation
- Unit 22 Test: Statistics: Two-Variable Data
Biología
22 unidades · 158 lecciones · 22 pruebas de unidad · 180 días de clase
Unidad 1GRATISLife and the Nature of Science
How do biologists decide what is alive, and how do they test their ideas?
- What Makes Something Alive
- Questions and Hypotheses
- Designing a Controlled Experiment
- Reading Data and Graphs
- Measurement and the Metric System
- Microscopes and Magnification
- Levels of Organization
- Unit 1 Test: Life and the Nature of Science
Unidad 2The Chemistry of Life
What chemistry makes life possible?
- Atoms, Elements and Isotopes
- Chemical Bonds
- Chemical Reactions and Energy
- The Special Properties of Water
- Solutions and Concentration
- Acids, Bases and pH
- Buffers in the Body
- Unit 2 Test: The Chemistry of Life
Unidad 3Biomolecules and Enzymes
What are living things built from, and how do enzymes keep cells running?
- Carbon: The Backbone of Life
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Proteins
- Nucleic Acids
- Enzymes and Activation Energy
- What Affects Enzyme Activity
- Unit 3 Test: Biomolecules and Enzymes
Unidad 4Cell Structure
How do the parts of a cell work together to keep it alive?
- The Cell Theory
- Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
- The Nucleus and Ribosomes
- The Endomembrane System
- Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
- The Cytoskeleton, Cilia and Flagella
- Plant Cells and Animal Cells
- Why Cells Stay Small
- Unit 4 Test: Cell Structure
Unidad 5Membranes and Transport
How does a cell control what goes in and what comes out?
- The Phospholipid Bilayer
- Diffusion
- Osmosis
- Hypertonic, Hypotonic and Isotonic
- Facilitated Diffusion
- Active Transport
- Endocytosis and Exocytosis
- Unit 5 Test: Membranes and Transport
Unidad 6Photosynthesis
How do plants capture the energy of sunlight and store it in food?
- ATP and Autotrophs
- The Photosynthesis Equation
- Pigments and Light
- The Light-Dependent Reactions
- The Calvin Cycle
- What Limits Photosynthesis
- C4 and CAM Plants
- Unit 6 Test: Photosynthesis
Unidad 7Cellular Respiration
How do cells release the energy stored in food?
- Respiration Overview
- Glycolysis
- The Krebs Cycle
- The Electron Transport Chain
- Fermentation
- Respiration and Exercise
- Photosynthesis and Respiration Compared
- Unit 7 Test: Cellular Respiration
Unidad 8The Cell Cycle and Mitosis
How does one cell become the trillions of cells in your body?
- Why Cells Divide
- Chromosomes
- The Cell Cycle and Interphase
- The Stages of Mitosis
- Cytokinesis
- Regulating the Cell Cycle
- Cancer: When Control Fails
- Unit 8 Test: The Cell Cycle and Mitosis
Unidad 9DNA Structure and Replication
How is genetic information stored and copied so accurately?
- The Search for the Genetic Material
- The Double Helix
- Base Pairing Rules
- DNA Replication
- Replication Enzymes and Proofreading
- Genes, Chromosomes and Genomes
- How DNA Is Packed
- Unit 9 Test: DNA Structure and Replication
Unidad 10RNA and Protein Synthesis
How does a cell turn the code in DNA into working proteins?
- The Central Dogma
- RNA and DNA Compared
- Transcription
- RNA Processing
- The Genetic Code
- Translation
- From Protein to Trait
- Practice: DNA to Protein
- Unit 10 Test: RNA and Protein Synthesis
Unidad 11Mutations and Gene Regulation
What happens when DNA changes, and how do cells decide which genes to use?
- Point Mutations
- Frameshift Mutations
- Chromosomal Mutations
- Causes of Mutations
- Gene Regulation in Bacteria
- Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes
- Differentiation and Stem Cells
- Unit 11 Test: Mutations and Gene Regulation
Unidad 12Meiosis
How do sex cells form, and why is every child genetically unique?
- Haploid and Diploid
- Meiosis I
- Meiosis II
- Crossing Over
- Independent Assortment and Variation
- Mitosis and Meiosis Compared
- Nondisjunction
- Unit 12 Test: Meiosis
Unidad 13Mendelian Genetics
How can we predict which traits offspring will inherit?
- Mendel and His Peas
- Genes, Alleles, Genotypes and Phenotypes
- Monohybrid Punnett Squares
- Probability in Genetics
- Test Crosses
- Dihybrid Crosses
- The Product Rule
- Genetics Problem Solving
- Unit 13 Test: Mendelian Genetics
Unidad 14Complex Inheritance and Pedigrees
What happens when inheritance doesn't follow Mendel's simple rules, and how do families track traits?
- Incomplete Dominance
- Codominance and Blood Types
- Polygenic Traits and Environment
- Sex-Linked Traits
- Reading Pedigrees
- Analyzing Pedigrees
- Human Genetic Disorders
- Unit 14 Test: Complex Inheritance and Pedigrees
Unidad 15Biotechnology
How do scientists read, copy and change DNA, and what should we do with that power?
- Selective Breeding
- DNA Extraction and Restriction Enzymes
- Gel Electrophoresis
- PCR
- Recombinant DNA and GMOs
- CRISPR Gene Editing
- Sequencing, Forensics and Ethics
- Unit 15 Test: Biotechnology
Unidad 16Evidence for Evolution
What evidence shows that living things share common ancestors and change over time?
- Darwin's Big Idea
- The Fossil Record
- Dating Rocks and Fossils
- Homologous, Analogous and Vestigial Structures
- Embryos and Molecules
- Biogeography
- Reading Evolutionary Trees
- Unit 16 Test: Evidence for Evolution
Unidad 17Natural Selection and Population Change
How do populations change over time, and how do new species form?
- How Natural Selection Works
- Fitness and Adaptation
- Patterns of Selection
- Gene Pools and Allele Frequencies
- Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
- Genetic Drift and Gene Flow
- Speciation
- Unit 17 Test: Natural Selection and Population Change
Unidad 18Classification
How do scientists organize millions of species, and what does that tell us about how they are related?
- Why Scientists Classify
- Scientific Names
- Taxonomic Ranks
- Dichotomous Keys
- Cladograms
- The Three Domains
- The Kingdoms and Viruses
- Unit 18 Test: Classification
Unidad 19Ecosystems and Energy Flow
How does energy from the sun move through living things in an ecosystem?
- Levels of Ecology
- Producers, Consumers and Decomposers
- Food Chains and Food Webs
- Trophic Levels and the 10% Rule
- Ecological Pyramids
- Biomes and Aquatic Ecosystems
- Productivity and Energy Budgets
- Unit 19 Test: Ecosystems and Energy Flow
Unidad 20Cycles of Matter
How are water, carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus recycled through living and nonliving parts of Earth?
- Matter Cycles, Energy Flows
- The Water Cycle
- The Carbon Cycle
- Humans and the Carbon Cycle
- The Nitrogen Cycle
- The Phosphorus Cycle
- Nutrient Pollution and Dead Zones
- Unit 20 Test: Cycles of Matter
Unidad 21Populations and Communities
What controls the size of populations, and how do species in a community affect each other?
- Population Density and Distribution
- Exponential and Logistic Growth
- Carrying Capacity and Limiting Factors
- Competition and Predation
- Symbiosis and Group Behavior
- Ecological Succession
- Biodiversity and Human Impact
- Unit 21 Test: Populations and Communities
Unidad 22Human Body Systems and Homeostasis
How do the body's systems work together to keep conditions inside you stable?
- Homeostasis and Feedback Loops
- The Digestive System
- The Circulatory System
- The Respiratory System
- The Nervous System
- The Endocrine System
- The Immune System
- Body Systems Working Together
- Unit 22 Test: Human Body Systems and Homeostasis
Historia universal
21 unidades · 159 lecciones · 21 pruebas de unidad · 180 días de clase
Unidad 1GRATISThinking Like a Historian
How do historians know what happened long ago, and how sure can they be?
- History and Chronology
- Primary and Secondary Sources
- Sourcing a Document
- Context and Perspective
- Corroborating Evidence
- Archaeology and Material Evidence
- Cause, Effect, Continuity and Change
- Unit 1 Test: Thinking Like a Historian
Unidad 2Early Humans and the Neolithic Revolution
How did learning to farm change the way humans lived?
- Human Origins in Africa
- Paleolithic Life
- Spreading Across the Globe
- The Neolithic Revolution
- Early Farming Villages
- How Farming Changed Society
- What Makes a Civilization?
- Unit 2 Test: Early Humans and the Neolithic Revolution
Unidad 3Mesopotamia
How did people between two rivers build the world's first cities and empires?
- Rivers of the Fertile Crescent
- Sumerian City-States
- Cuneiform and the Epic of Gilgamesh
- Gods, Temples and Ziggurats
- Sargon and the First Empire
- Hammurabi's Code
- Assyria and Babylon
- Phoenician Traders and the Alphabet
- Unit 3 Test: Mesopotamia
Unidad 4Ancient Egypt and Kush
How did the Nile shape the civilizations of Egypt and Kush?
- The Gift of the Nile
- Unifying Egypt: Pharaohs and Dynasties
- The Old Kingdom and the Pyramids
- Religion and the Afterlife
- Hieroglyphs and the Rosetta Stone
- The Middle and New Kingdoms
- Daily Life and Society in Egypt
- Nubia and the Kingdom of Kush
- Unit 4 Test: Ancient Egypt and Kush
Unidad 5The Indus Valley and Early China
How did early civilizations in South and East Asia organize their cities and justify their rulers?
- Geography of the Indus Valley
- Harappa and Mohenjo-daro
- Indus Trade and Unsolved Mysteries
- The Vedic Age
- China's Rivers and Geography
- The Shang Dynasty and Oracle Bones
- The Zhou and the Mandate of Heaven
- The Warring States Period
- Unit 5 Test: The Indus Valley and Early China
Unidad 6Early Greece and the City-States
How did geography and new ideas about citizenship shape the Greek city-states?
- The Geography of Greece
- Minoans and Mycenaeans
- Homer and the Greek Dark Age
- The Polis and Greek Colonies
- Sparta
- Athens and the Birth of Democracy
- Greek Religion and the Olympic Games
- Unit 6 Test: Early Greece and the City-States
Unidad 7Persia and the Persian Wars
How did Persia govern the largest empire the world had yet seen, and why did the Greeks resist it?
- Cyrus the Great
- Darius and Imperial Government
- The Royal Road
- Zoroastrianism
- The Persian Wars: Marathon
- Thermopylae, Salamis and Plataea
- The Parthians and Sasanians
- Unit 7 Test: Persia and the Persian Wars
Unidad 8Classical Greece and Alexander
Why do the ideas of a few small Greek city-states still matter today?
- Pericles and the Golden Age of Athens
- Greek Drama, Art and Architecture
- Socrates, Plato and Aristotle
- Greek Science and Medicine
- The Peloponnesian War
- Alexander the Great
- The Hellenistic World
- The Legacy of Greece
- Unit 8 Test: Classical Greece and Alexander
Unidad 9The Roman Republic
How did Rome govern itself as a republic, and why did the republic fall?
- Geography and the Founding of Rome
- How the Republic Was Governed
- Patricians, Plebeians and the Twelve Tables
- The Punic Wars
- The Crisis of the Republic
- Julius Caesar
- Augustus and the Birth of the Empire
- Unit 9 Test: The Roman Republic
Unidad 10The Roman Empire
How did Rome hold together a vast empire for centuries, and why did the western half fall?
- The Pax Romana
- Daily Life in the Roman Empire
- Roman Engineering and Architecture
- Roman Law and Citizenship
- Christianity in the Roman Empire
- The Crisis of the Third Century
- Diocletian and Constantine
- The Fall of the West and Rome's Legacy
- Unit 10 Test: The Roman Empire
Unidad 11Classical India
How did India's classical empires unite a diverse land and advance human knowledge?
- The Geography of South Asia
- Varna, Jati and Social Order
- The Mauryan Empire
- Ashoka
- Kingdoms and Trade Between Empires
- The Gupta Golden Age
- Indian Mathematics, Science and Medicine
- Unit 11 Test: Classical India
Unidad 12Imperial China
How did Chinese dynasties build a lasting state, and what did China give the world?
- The Qin Unification
- Legalism, the Great Wall and the Terracotta Army
- Han Government and the Civil Service
- Han Achievements
- The Period of Disunion
- The Sui and Tang Dynasties
- Song Dynasty Innovations
- From the Yuan to the Ming
- Unit 12 Test: Imperial China
Unidad 13The Spread of World Religions
What do the world's major belief systems teach, and how did they spread?
- Judaism
- Hinduism
- Buddhism
- Confucianism
- Daoism
- Christianity
- Islam
- How Belief Systems Spread
- Unit 13 Test: The Spread of World Religions
Unidad 14The Byzantine Empire
How did the eastern Roman Empire survive for a thousand years after the fall of the West?
- Constantinople
- Justinian and Theodora
- Justinian's Code
- Hagia Sophia and Byzantine Culture
- The Eastern Orthodox Church and the Schism of 1054
- Byzantium, the Rus and Their Neighbors
- The Fall of Constantinople
- Unit 14 Test: The Byzantine Empire
Unidad 15The Islamic World
How did Islam grow from a faith in Arabia into a civilization that stretched across three continents?
- Arabia Before Islam
- Muhammad and the Beginnings of Islam
- The First Caliphs and the Sunni–Shia Split
- The Umayyad Caliphate
- The Abbasids and Baghdad
- Science, Mathematics and Medicine
- Al-Andalus
- Turks, Crusaders and the Rise of the Ottomans
- Unit 15 Test: The Islamic World
Unidad 16African Kingdoms
How did trade, faith and geography shape the great kingdoms of Africa?
- The Geography of Africa
- Bantu Migrations
- Aksum
- Ghana and the Gold–Salt Trade
- Mali and Mansa Musa
- Songhai and Timbuktu
- The Swahili Coast
- Great Zimbabwe
- Unit 16 Test: African Kingdoms
Unidad 17The Americas
How did the peoples of the Americas build complex societies suited to their environments?
- The Olmec and Early Mesoamerica
- Maya City-States
- Maya Writing, Mathematics and Calendars
- The Aztec and Tenochtitlan
- Aztec Society and Religion
- Societies of North America
- The Inca Empire
- Inca Roads, Quipu and Machu Picchu
- Unit 17 Test: The Americas
Unidad 18Medieval Europe
How did Europe rebuild order after Rome's fall, and what forces transformed it by 1500?
- The Franks and Charlemagne
- Invasions and Feudalism
- Manors and Peasants
- The Church in Medieval Life
- The Crusades
- Towns, Trade and Guilds
- Magna Carta and Parliament
- The Black Death and the Hundred Years' War
- Unit 18 Test: Medieval Europe
Unidad 19The Mongols
How did nomads from the steppe build the largest land empire in history, and how did it change Eurasia?
- Life on the Steppe
- Genghis Khan
- The Mongol Way of War
- The Khanates
- Kublai Khan and the Yuan Dynasty
- The Pax Mongolica
- The Decline and Legacy of the Mongols
- Unit 19 Test: The Mongols
Unidad 20Trade Networks
How did trade routes by land and sea connect Afro-Eurasia, and what traveled along them besides goods?
- The Origins of the Silk Roads
- Goods, Ideas and Faiths on the Silk Roads
- Monsoon Winds and the Indian Ocean
- Ports and Peoples of the Indian Ocean
- Trans-Saharan Trade
- Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo
- The Voyages of Zheng He
- Unit 20 Test: Trade Networks
Unidad 21The Renaissance
Why did a rebirth of classical learning begin in Italy, and how did it change Europe and the world by 1500?
- Why the Renaissance Began in Italy
- Humanism
- Florence and the Medici
- Renaissance Artists
- Machiavelli and Renaissance Politics
- The Printing Press
- The Northern Renaissance
- The World Around 1500
- Unit 21 Test: The Renaissance
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